World Heritage Preservation in China
With changes taking place in social and economic conditions, a growing number of ancient ethnic traditions, cultures, customs, modes of living and environments are suffering from increasing serious threats of destruction. It is detrimental not only to unique and precious cultural heritage but also to the historical, social and psychology dignity of local nationalities.
On November 6, 1972, the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) at its 17th session adopted the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. In 1976, UNESCO set up the World Heritage Committee, an inter-governmental cooperative body, under the Convention. The committee is responsible for including cultural and natural treasures of outstanding universal value on the World Heritage List.
World heritage is divided into three types: natural, cultural (including cultural sites) and the combination of natural and cultural heritage. All sites on the World Heritage List receive financial and technical aid. In the meantime, they become better known worldwide and are protected by pressure from the international community.
China ratified the Convention in 1985, becoming a contracting party, and became a member state of the World Heritage Committee on October 29, 1999. In 1986, China began to identify and nominate sites on its national territory to be considered for inscription on the World Heritage List. So far, the number of its sites on the List has reached 35.
Nomination and inclusion of natural and cultural properties on the World Heritage List is nonetheless the final goal of world heritage work. World Heritage conservation is a continuous process. Listing a site does little good if it subsequently falls into a state of disrepair or if a development project risks destroying the qualities that made the site suitable for World Heritage status in the first place. The final goal of highlighting those most valuable representatives and carriers of information and beauty throughout history and in our natural environment arouses mankind's attention to protect and preserve them for future generations.
World Heritage in China
|
World Heritage List |
Category and Date |
1 |
Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries -- Wolong, Mt. Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains |
Natural 2006 |
2 |
Yin Ruins |
Cultural 2006 |
3 |
The Historic Center of Macao |
Cultural 2005 |
4 |
The Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom |
Cultural 2004 |
5 |
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan |
Natural 2003 |
6 |
Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province |
Cultural 2001 |
7 |
Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties |
Cultural 2000 2003 2004 |
8 |
Longmen Grottoes |
Cultural 2000 |
9 |
Xidi and Hongcun Villages, Museums of Ming-Qing Architecture in Southern Anhui |
Cultural 2000 |
10 |
Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System |
Cultural 2000 |
11 |
Dazu Rock Carvings |
Cultural 1999 |
12 |
Mount Wuyi |
Natural & Cultural 1999 |
13 |
The Temple of Heaven |
Cultural 1998 |
14 |
The Summer Palace |
Cultural 1998 |
15 |
The Ancient Town of Lijiang |
Cultural 1997 |
16 |
Classic Gardens in Suzhou |
Cultural 1997 |
17 |
The Old Town of Pingyao |
Cultural 1997 |
18 |
Mount Emei and the Leshan Giant Buddha |
Natural & Cultural 1996 |
19 |
Mount Lushan |
Cultural 1996 |
20 |
Taoist Buildings on Mount Wudang |
Cultural 1994 |
21 |
The Confucian Temple, Cemetery and Family Mansion in Qufu |
Cultural 1994 |
22 |
The Potala Palace |
Cultural 1994 2000 2001 |
23 |
Mountain Resort and Outlying Temples, Chengde |
Cultural 1994 |
24 |
Wulingyuan Scenic Area |
Natural 1992 |
25 |
Scenic Wonders of Huanglong Scenic Area |
Natural 1992 |
26 |
Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area |
Natural 1992 |
27 |
Mount Huangshan |
Natural & Cultural 1990 |
28 |
Mount Taishan |
Natural & Cultural 1987 |
29 |
The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty and Terracotta Warriors and Horses |
Cultural 1987 |
30 |
The Mogao Grottoes |
Cultural 1987 |
31 |
Zhoukoudian, Home of Peking Man |
Cultural 1987 |
32 |
Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang |
Cultural 1987 2004 |
33 |
The Great Wall |
Cultural 1987 |